Sperm Problems

The odds of conception are lowered when sperm concentrations are lower than normal, a condition known as oligospermia. If sperm have poor swimming ability (asthenozoospermia) or are misshapen (teratozoospermia), the sperm’s ability to fertilize the egg is compromised.

Symptoms

Semen analysis is the only way to detect these abnormalities.

Cause

Sperm problems can be caused by hormonal imbalance and genetic abnormalities. Physical causes such as a blockage in the vas deferens can prohibit sperm transport. Diabetes, which in some cases leads to retrograde ejaculation, can also lead to sperm problems.

Environmental conditions may play a role as well. Smoking, alcohol and the use of recreational drugs may all be contributing factors. Also frequent exposures to high temperatures, found in saunas, for instance, can cause these abnormalities.

Treatment

Treatment options depend on the cause:

IVF with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
Donor sperm